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2706049	无图 NEWS – ECIPE PRESS RELEASE – NEW POLICY BRIEFThe External Side of Europe’sGreat Economic Transformation:International Trade in ServicesBy Lucian Cernat, Head of Global Regulatory Cooperation and PublicProcurement Negotiations, DG Trade; Carmen Díaz Mora, Professor ofApplied Economics at the University of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain) andOscar Guinea, Senior Economist at ECIPE.Brussels, 11 July 2024 - The European economy is undergoing a significanttransformation driven by digitalisation. This shift is reshaping the EU’s internationaltrade profile, making it increasingly focused on digital services.This is good news for the EU as the global service sector has become one of themost dynamic parts of the global economy. The ratio of trade in services to GDP inEU has increased from 6 percent in 2005 to 14 percent in 2021.International trade in services boosts Europe's competitiveness and its digitaltransition. This is evident in the rising demand for EU services globally and thegrowing pool of potential foreign suppliers. EU’s ICT sector exemplifies this trend. EUICT service exports have consistently outpaced those of chemicals and machinery.At the same time, a doubling of foreign ICT services embedded within EUmanufacturing exports could enhance the EU’s overall competitiveness by as muchas 15 percent.“The service sector is a key driver of innovation, fostering new technologies thatpropel productivity and economic prosperity,” says Oscar Guinea, SeniorEconomist at ECIPE and co-author of the study. “This sector is also becoming amajor strength in Europe’s international trade. Our analysis sheds light on theoften-overlooked interaction between Europe’s digital transition and its evolvingtrade profile.”1Publication details: The External Side of Europe’s Great EconomicTransformation: International Trade in Services, ECIPE Policy Brief No. 15/2024,Contact the corresponding author: Oscar Guinea, oscar.guinea@ecipe.orgMedia inquiries: info@ecipe.org or +32 2 289 13 50Disclaimer: the views expressed herein are those of the author and do notrepresent an official position of the European Commission.2 PR PB 15:2024 New Policy Brief: The External Side of Europe’s Great Economic Transformation: International Trade in Services	查看 2122	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-09-07 17:04:24 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706048	无图 <p><p>The director of the European Centre for International Political Economy and respected economic expert Hosuk Lee-Makiyama will participate in this year’s Europe Forum on Thursday, August 29.</p><p>Lee-Makiyama will take part in a panel discussing the future of European competitiveness at a time when the business environment is undergoing significant changes. For example, the session will address concerns about innovations and new products and services moving to countries outside the EU.</p><p>As the director of the European Centre for International Political Economy, Lee-Makiyama has a unique perspective on international economics and trade policy. His insights shed light on the ways Europe is trying to maintain its competitiveness in the global economy.</p><p>The Europe Forum is Finland’s flagship event for European policy discussion, bringing together numerous politicians, influencers, and experts. This year, the event will be held between 28 August and 30 August 2024 at the Turku City Theatre. You can register for the event starting August 14 at www.europeforum.fi. The event’s discussions can also be followed live online.</p></p> Hosuk Lee-Makiyama, at the Europe Forum on August 29: Where is competitiveness heading? – The future of investments and innovations in Europe - Eurooppa-foorumi \| Europe Forum \| Europa-forum	查看 1155	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-07-11 21:12:50 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706047	有图 <p><p><p>Finance & economics \| Retaliate, negotiate, repeat</p>Europe prepares for a mighty trade warWill it be able to stick to its rule-abiding principles?</p><p><img src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/content-assets/images/20240713_FNP003.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">What prosperity looks likePhotograph: AP</p><p><p><p><time> Jul 11th 2024</time></p><p><p>Share</p></p></p><p><style]:first-child),.css-11m2wk0 .e1v7vv2r0+.e1tt35bk0:has(.drop-cap:first-child){margin-top:1.3125rem;}.css-11m2wk0 .e1cbnkh80{clear:both;}.css-11m2wk0 +.e1cbnkh80{margin-top:2.1875rem;}.css-11m2wk0 .e1cbnkh80+{margin-top:2.1875rem;}.css-11m2wk0 +.ezpf5o0{margin-top:1.75rem;}.css-11m2wk0 .ezpf5o0+{margin-top:0.875rem;}</style><p><style]::before,.css-1f0x4sl .ufinish::before{font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-1);content:" ";}</style><p>“W<small>e cannot carry</small> on trade without war, nor war without trade,” wrote Jan Pieterszoon Coen, a brutal governor-general of the Dutch East India Company, to shareholders in 1614. Four centuries later, things sound a bit different. “Let’s make no mistake: assertiveness is a prerequisite for keeping our markets open,” says Sabine Weyand, the <small>EU</small>’s top trade negotiator. After decades during which America supported the global rules-based trade order and European commerce thrived, the bloc now has to learn how to do business in a fractious world.</p></p><p>This article appeared in the Finance & economics section of the print edition under the headline “Principle concern”</p><p>Finance & economics July 13th 2024Trumponomics would not be as bad as most expectBetting markets are useful when politics is chaoticEurope prepares for a mighty trade warThe dangerous rise of pension nationalismHow strongmen abuse tools for fighting financial crimeXi Jinping really is unshakeably committed to the private sector</p><p><p><img src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240713_DE_AP.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>From the July 13th 2024 edition<p>Discover stories from this section and more in the list of contents</p>Explore the edition</p></p><p><p><p>Share</p>Reuse this content</p></p></p></p><p><p></p><p></p></p></p><p>More from Finance & economics<p><p><p><img src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240907_FND003.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Has social media broken the stockmarket?<p>That is the contention of Cliff Asness, one of the great quant investors</p></p><p><p><img src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240907_FNP504.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>American office delinquencies are shooting up<p>How worried should investors be?</p></p><p><img src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240907_FND001.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>China is suffering from a crisis of confidence<p>Can anything perk up its economy?</p></p><p>America has a huge deficit. Which candidate would make it worse?<p>Enough policies have been proposed to make a call</p></p><p><p><p>Why Oasis fans should welcome price-gouging<p>There are worse things in life than paying a fair price</p></p><p><p>As stock prices fall, investors prepare for an autumn chill<p>Markets are in a very different place from earlier in the year</p></p></p></p></p> Europe prepares for a mighty trade war	查看 3510	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-07-11 23:06:44 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706046	有图 <p> <p> <img src="https://www.iness.sk/sites/default/files/styles/article_author_avatar/public/pictures/picture-12-1497881337.png?itok=pMYHPaw-" rel="noopener noreferrer"> INESS - 11.07.2024 </p> <p> </p> </p> <p> INESS na webinári o jednotnom európskom trhu <p>Bruselský think tank ECIPE zorganizoval 9. júla onlinewebinár o jednotnom európskom trhu.</p> <img src="https://www.iness.sk/sites/default/files/styles/article_cover/public/img_4845.jpg?itok=NSM01jr-" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <p>Keynote rečníkom bol bývalý taliansky premiér, prezident Jacques Delors Institute a autor tzv. Lettovho reportu o jednotnom trhu Enrico Letta, ďalej Luukas Ilves, bývalý štátny tajomník Ministerstva hospodárstva v Estónsku aRadovan Ďurana z INESS, hlavný autor štúdie “Market Force: Revitalising the Single Market for the next 30 years”. Webinár moderoval riaditeľ ECIPE Matthias Bauer. Na webinári sa diskutovalo o tom, prečo v EÚ stále nie je dostatok jednotného trhu a čo s tým, a napriek dovolenkovému obdobiu sa na ňom zúčastnilo viac ako sto registrovaných účastníkov, prevažne z Európy.</p><p>Lettov report si môžete prečítať tu.</p><p>Link na záznam webinára:</p><p>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1fVs3lQlgI</p> </p> <p> <p> <p> <p> <img src="https://www.iness.sk/sites/all/themes/iness/img/envelope-icon.png" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.iness.sk/sites/all/themes/iness/img/print-icon.png" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <i></i> <i></i> <i></i> <i></i> </p> </p> </p> </p> <p> <p> <p> INESS je nezávislé, neštátne a nepolitické občianske združenie. Všetky naše aktivity sú financované z grantov, 2% daňovej asignácie, vlastnej činnosti a darov fyzických a právnických osôb. Naše fungovanie, rozsah a kvalita výstupov, teda vo veľkej miere závisí aj od Vašej štedrosti. </p> <p> Chcem podporiť </p> </p> </p> INESS na webinári o jednotnom európskom trhu \| INESS - Institute of Economic and Social Studies	查看 1957	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-07-11 23:12:57 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706045	无图 NEWS – ECIPE PRESS RELEASE – NEW OCCASIONAL PAPERFuture-proofing the EU’sInvestment Attractiveness:A Bold Reform Agenda forCompetition Enforcement, Taxationand Digital PolicyBy Matthias Bauer (Director), Dyuti Pandya (Junior Analyst) and Oscar duRoy (Junior Economist)Brussels, 15 July 2024 - The future competitiveness of the European Union (EU) isat risk due to a significant disparity in investments, particularly in technologicalinnovation, compared to the US. Investments in technology-intensive and high-value-added industries are necessary for sustaining technology development andeconomic renewal. The EU’s regulatory complexity, largely driven by legalfragmentation in horizontal policies is deterring cross-border trade and investmentactivities reducing the region’s attractiveness to global investors. This newOccasional Paper advocates comprehensive and decisive reforms to renew keyparts of Europe's horizontal regulatory policy landscape.The paper identifies three critical areas that require immediate attention: EUcompetition policy, tax and social security policies, and digital policies. Highlightingthe need for major reforms in these horizontal policy areas, it urges policymakersto take decisive action to streamline regulations and foster a more conducivebusiness environment that benefits small, large, and expanding enterprises acrossthe Member States.Competition Policy: The proposed reforms emphasise a differentiated approachto identify and curb anti-competitive behaviour while supporting innovativetechnology companies and innovation leaders. Taking a dynamic view oncompetition together with a harmonisation merger enforcement is key to reducelegal uncertainties, crucial for fostering investments in Europe’s underperformingdigital economy.1Tax Policies and Social Security: The EU’s complex VAT rates, labour income taxregimes, and social security rules create a challenging legal environment, leadingto high compliance costs and administrative burdens, especially for businessesoperating across multiple Member States. This complexity encourages taxevasion, undermines government revenues, and distorts economic activities.Simplifying and harmonising tax and social security regimes would significantlyreduce these costs and legal risks, making the EU more attractive for investmentsby businesses of all sizes. This would facilitate smoother cross-border operations,enhance competition, and reduce opportunities for tax avoidance, fostering afairer economic environment. Given the significant drawbacks of the currentcorporate income tax (CIT) systems, there is a strong case for abolishing corporateincome taxes in the EU. This move would simplify tax compliance, reduceadministrative burdens, and enhance the EU’s attractiveness for investment. Tooffset the relatively insignificant revenue loss, the EU could enhance other formsof taxation, such as taxes on capital income, labour income, and sales taxes.Digital Policies: To improve its attractiveness for technology investments, the EUmust balance regulatory policies to foster innovation and growth, recognisingdigital business models as a key driver for the international competitiveness of lessdigital industries. This includes reconsidering overly stringent data protectionstandards and engaging in global digital integration, especially with innovators andinvestors from the US. Achieving a unified digital market requires policies toreduce cross-border barriers and regulatory costs. Ensuring the free flow of dataglobally is vital for supporting innovation and technology diffusion. Neglected inthe past, well-drafted, evidence-based regulations are necessary to protectconsumer and human rights without stifling innovation. Encouraging advancedcloud computing and AI integration, including in public services and governmentadministration, will drive technological progress and foster a competitive, future-oriented European economy."The success of these reforms hinges on concerted political will andcooperation among EU Member States", says Matthias Bauer, the lead author ofthe Brief, and adds, "Early adopters are encouraged to lead by example,demonstrating the benefits of these reforms and paving the way for broaderimplementation across the European Union."Publication details: Future-proofing the EU’s Investment Attractiveness: A BoldReform Agenda for Competition Enforcement, Taxation and Digital Policy, ECIPEOccasional Paper No. 04/2024,Contact the corresponding author: Matthias Bauer, matthias.bauer@ecipe.orgMedia inquiries: info@ecipe.org or +32 2 289 13 502 PR OP 4:2024 New Occasional Paper: Future-proofing the EU’s Investment Attractiveness: A Bold Reform Agenda for Competition Enforcement, Taxation and Digital Policy	查看 4569	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-09-07 17:04:09 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706044	有图 <p><nav><p>Brussels Morning Newspaper » European Commission News » MEPs set to vote on next EC president</p></nav><p>European Commission News</p>MEPs set to vote on next EC president<p><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIxMjAiIGhlaWdodD0iMTIwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTIwIDEyMCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2ZmZmZmZiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <p><time>Last updated: 17 July 2024 2:43 pm</time></p><p>Martin Banks</p></p><p><p><i></i>Share</p><p> <i></i> <i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i></p></p><p><p><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIxMjUwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjcwMCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDEyNTAgNzAwIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMTAwJSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMDAlIiBmaWxsPSIjZmZmZmZmIi8+PC9zdmc+" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Credit: ALESSANDRO DELLA VALLE/Pool via REUTERS</p><p><p><p><i></i>SHARE</p><p><i></i> <i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i></p></p><p><p>Belgium (Brussels Morning Newspaper) – The European Union this week decides on its leaders and who will steer the 27-strong bloc for the next five years.</p><p>With bitter wars still waging in Ukraine and the Middle East and countless other crises, the votes on EU leaders come at a pivotal time for both the Union and wider international community.</p><p>The top job – president of the EU Commission – is expected to again go to Ursula von der Leyen.</p><p>Her fate will be decided by the newly elected EU Parliament which will decide whether von der Leyen will remain at the helm of the European Commission for another five years. Crucially, the former German defence minister has the support of the EPP, the biggest political grouping in the Parliament.</p><p>MEPs have, however, already made a decision on another of this week’s key appointments.</p><p>On Tuesday, Euro deputies re-elected Roberta Metsola, a centre right MEP from Malta, as President of the European Parliament until 2027, with 562 votes in the first round.</p><p>In her speech to MEPs in Strasbourg, Metsola made a veiled reference to the attempted assassination on Donald Trump, saying, “Polarisation in our societies has led to more confrontational politics, even political violence.</p><p>“The easy answers that divide our communities into “us” and “them”. We need to move beyond this zero-sum thinking that has excluded people, that turns people away. That foments anger and hate rather than builds hope and belief. We understand that the comfort of such easy politics offers no real solutions.”</p><p>She noted that the EU parliament “stands for the opposite” and “wants to build rather than destroy.”</p><p>It is a parliament “that is not afraid to take the difficult path, that is able to find and use its voice for the common good, that is the counter to autocracy, that doubles down on the need to fight for the rule of law and that understands that we must truly all be equal in Europe.”</p><p>ECR joint leader Nicola Procaccini was happy with the outcome and said: “Roberta Metsola has proven her commitment to dialogue and openness to balance and compromise, even when there are strong differences of opinion. She is able to build bridges and find common ground across political camps.”</p><p>Attention now shifts to the election of the EU Commission president.</p><p>The vote on Thursday (18 July) is a secret ballot of MEPs and many expect it to be close.</p><p>Ahead of the vote, Fredrik Erixon, of the European Centre for International Political Economy (ECIPE),a leading think tank in Brussels, said, “Ursula von der Leyen developed a European political persona during her last five years in Berlaymont.</p><p>“But I still struggle to understand what she stands for: did she campaign for more of the same or a break with the past five years?”</p><p>Spanish MEP Iratxe Garcia Perez, who leads the Socialist group in the EU Parliament, the 2nd biggest in the assembly, warned that support for the next president of the European Commission “does not come as a blank cheque.”</p><p>She noted, “We expect them to deliver on crucial priorities for EU citizens.”</p><p>Now in its tenth term, the European Parliament will have 720 seats, 15 more than at the end of the previous legislature.</p><p>Some 54% of MEPs are newly-elected (in 2019 the share of newcomers was 61%) and the share of women is 39% (it was 40% in 2019).</p><p>Lena Schilling (Greens/EFA) from Austria (23 years old) is the youngest MEP, while Leoluca Orlando (Greens/EFA) from Italy (77 years old) is the oldest. The average age of MEPs is 50.</p><p>At the beginning of the tenth term, there are eight political groups, one more than in the previous legislature. 32 MEPs remain non-attached.</p><p><p>About Us</p><p>Brussels Morning is a daily online newspaper based in Belgium. BM publishes unique and independent coverage on international and European affairs. With a Europe-wide perspective, BM covers policies and politics of the EU, significant Member State developments, and looks at the international agenda with a European perspective.</p></p></p><p><i></i>Share This Article</p><p><i></i>Twitter <i></i>Email<i></i>Copy Link<i></i>Print<i></i></p></p><p><p><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIxMjAiIGhlaWdodD0iMTIwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTIwIDEyMCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2ZmZmZmZiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" rel="noopener noreferrer"><p>ByMartin Banks </p></p><p>Martin Banks is an experienced British-born journalist who has been covering the EU beat (and much else besides) in Brussels since 2001.Previously, he had worked for many years in regional journalism in the UK and freelanced for national titles.He has a keen interest in foreign affairs and has closely followed the workings of the European Parliament and MEPs in particular for some years.</p></p><p><p><i></i>Previous Article <img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iMjAwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMjAwIDIwMCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2ZmZmZmZiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" rel="noopener noreferrer"> EU Parliament reaffirms support for Ukraine against Russian aggression </p><p>Next Article<i></i> <img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iMjAwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMjAwIDIwMCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2ZmZmZmZiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" rel="noopener noreferrer"> EU Parliament rebukes Viktor Orban for unauthorized Russia visit </p></p></p> MEPs set to vote on next EC president - Brussels Morning Newspaper	查看 6607	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-07-17 21:39:01 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706043	有图 <p>Eurooppa-foorumi jälleen elokuussa <p> <p> <img src="https://aamuset.fi/static/content/pic_6_6377562_k9898609_1200.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"> Pääministeri Petteri Orpo (kok.). Kuva: Jane Iltanen</p> </p> <p> <p> <i></i> <i></i> <i></i> </p> </p> <p> <p> <time>18.7.2024 17.00</time> Aamuset </p><p>Suomen Eurooppa-poliittinen lippulaivatapahtuma Eurooppa-foorumi järjestetään jälleen 28.–30. elokuuta Turussa. Tänä vuonna foorumin keskeiseksi teemaksi nousee Suomen ja Euroopan turvallinen tulevaisuus.</p><p>Kolmipäiväinen tapahtuma tarjoaa kattavan katsauksen turvallisuusteemaan geopoliittisesta, kestävästä ja taloudellisesta näkökulmasta. Pääministeri Petteri Orpo (kok.) avaa foorumin ja pitää yhden pääpuheenvuoroista.</p><p>Kansainvälistä näkökulmaa tuo Italian entinen pääministeri Enrico Letta, joka on myös yksi tapahtuman avajaistilaisuuden pääpuhujista. Lettan keväällä julkaisema raportti EU:n sisämarkkinoista on yksi kolmesta tulevan komission työohjelmaa suuntaavista keskeisistä raporteista. </p><p>Muita paikalle kansainvälisiä vieraita ovat muun muassa Euroopan komission tutkimus- ja innovaatiopääosaston pääjohtaja Marc Lemaître, Puolan Eurooppa-asioista vastaava valtiosihteeri Agnieszka Bartol sekä Euroopan kansainvälisen poliittisen talouden keskuksen johtaja Hosuk Lee-Makiyama.</p><p>Aamuset-kaupunkimedia (AKM)</p> </p> </p> Eurooppa-foorumi jälleen elokuussa - Työ - Aamuset	查看 1637	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-07-18 21:45:11 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706042	有图 <p> <p><img src="https://eastangliabylines.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EU-law-1140x570.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p> Brexit</p> UK’s ‘Brexit freedom’ brings divergence from EU law<p>byJenny Rhodes</p><p><i></i> 19 April 2024</p></p> What the EU really thinks about the UK now	查看 246	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-07-19 21:55:35 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706041	有图 <p> <p> <nav> News Trade </nav> <p> Is Brexit Britain about to turn into Switzerland — without the fondue? <p> As the U.K. and the EU enter a new era, their relationship is likely to gradually become more Swiss. </p> <p> <p> <svg></svg> Listen <source src="https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/audio-for-wordpress-50806314455206d9c54d80b373c3eabd992b999b/2024/07/amazon_polly_5161014.mp3?version=1722504510"> </p> <nav> <svg></svg> Share <p> <svg></svg> Share options <svg></svg> Copy Link <svg></svg> EMail <svg></svg> Twitter <svg></svg> WhatsApp <svg></svg> Linkedin </p> </nav> </p> <p> <svg></svg> Free article usually reserved for subscribers </p> <p> <img src="https://www.politico.eu/cdn-cgi/image/width=1160,height=782,quality=80,onerror=redirect,format=auto/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/26/GettyImages-2160888820-scaled.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <p> The one thick red line dividing the British and Swiss approaches is their respective attitudes towards the free movement of people. \| Carl Recine/Getty Images </p> </p> <p> <p> <p> July 29, 2024 6:00 am CET </p> </p> <p> By Antonia Zimmermann and Jon Stone </p> </p> </p> <p> <p>It’s the one thing nobody wanted to happen. Now it might happen anyway.</p><p>Brussels hates its relationship with Switzerland: A complex tartiflette of over 120 different bilateral agreements that seems to constantly be up for renegotiation.</p><p>When Brexit talks began in 2017, both the U.K. and EU were determined not to replicate the mishmash of bespoke treaties that puts the Alpine nation half in and half out of the single market.</p></p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p><p>But fast forward to 2024 and there are signs Britain might start looking rather Swiss — just without the mountains, cuckoo clocks or fondue (and with worse public transport).</p><p>“The EU really dislikes the Swiss model quite intensely and has a very low opinion of it. So they don’t really want the British to have anything resembling the Swiss model,” said Charles Grant, director of the Centre for European Reform, a London-based think tank.</p><p>And yet there is a case that “in the very long run, the U.K. relationship will be a bespoke, unique institutional structure rather like the Swiss,” he added, with Bern’s set-up serving “indirectly” as a model.</p><p>Unlike Norway, Iceland or Lichtenstein, which have “off-the-shelf” arrangements with the EU as members of the European Economic Area, Switzerland has come to participate in the internal market in its own way: Sector-by-sector — with some holes remaining in areas like services and mutual recognition of product standards.</p><p>During Brexit talks, such an à la carte “Swiss option” was strictly off-limits. Chief EU negotiator Michel Barnier regularly lambasted attempts at “cherry-picking” and produced a famous “step chart” which appeared to funnel the U.K. towards a more orderly set of off-the-shelf options.</p><p>In the end, Boris Johnson went for the hardest Brexit deal on offer: A simple free trade agreement.</p></p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p><p>But Britain’s new Labour government sees things a bit differently. Prime Minister Keir Starmer wants to sign a sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) agreement with the EU — bringing the U.K. into line with the single market on food and agriculture and eliminating some of the worst border bureaucracy.</p><img src="https://www.politico.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/01/GettyImages-1238529997-1024x683.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">The one thick red line dividing the British and Swiss approaches is their respective attitudes towards the free movement of people. \| Glyn Kirk/Getty Images<p>Despite its constant vigilance against cherry picking, Brussels seems open to the SPS idea — which would benefit EU traders as much as British ones — though the Commission has warned the setup would entail signing up to EU rules and accepting a role for the European Court of Justice.</p><p>Labour has also indicated that it wants to take a similar approach in other sectors, with chemicals at the top of the list. Mutual recognition of professional qualifications is also a stated goal, while energy is another possibility widely discussed as an option in policy circles.</p><p>If Brussels can be persuaded to make it all work, the result might start to look a bit like sector-by-sector membership of the single market — albeit with a significantly more limited scope than the Swiss settlement.</p><p>“In broad terms it could start to resemble the Swiss model because it’s sort of sector-by-sector,” said Grant — though he notes that Switzerland’s agreements cover far more sectors, including manufactured goods.</p>Freedom of movement<p>The one thick red line dividing the British and Swiss approaches is their respective attitudes towards the free movement of people.</p></p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p><p>“I’m not sure that the U.K. is prepared for what a relationship like the Swiss one means for the country, because Switzerland did have to sign up to the four freedoms, it did have to implement a free movement of people,” said Stefanie Walter, a professor for international relations and political economy at the University of Zurich. “And that was one of the major points in the Brexit campaign that people didn’t want.”</p><p>This rejection of free movement is considered a political necessity by virtually everybody who matters in Westminster and greatly limits the market access Brussels is willing to countenance for the U.K.</p><p>But, more broadly, the British hang-up recalls Switzerland’s own misgivings on immigration.</p><p>Negotiations between Bern and Brussels broke down in 2021 when Switzerland walked out of talks on a landmark partnership agreement. The key issues prompting the impasse? Whether posted EU workers should be allowed to undercut Swiss wages; EU migrants’ access to the Swiss welfare system; and state aid.</p><p>The fallout was so dramatic the Financial Times warned it would lead to a “slow-motion Swexit.”</p><p>Today, now that the two sides have resumed talks, diplomats tell POLITICO that freedom of movement remains one of the thorniest issues. While “notable progress” has been made on institutional issues and state aid, a Commission spokesperson said it was “imperative” to continue working “on other areas such as the free movement of persons.”</p></p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p><p>Meanwhile, Bern and Brussels find themselves stuck in a negotiation loop.</p><img src="https://www.politico.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/01/GettyImages-1719043948-1024x682.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">Prime Minister Keir Starmer wants to sign a sanitary and phytosanitary agreement with the EU. \| Paul Ellis/Getty Images<p>“Every time EU law changes, the Swiss law has to be updated to accommodate these things,” said Walter. “It’s not an automatic process, and that makes it very cumbersome.” That has led in recent years to an “erosion of bilateral relations” — as EU law evolves, agreements “become moot because increasingly new products will not be certified.”</p><p>As in Switzerland, perpetual negotiations are likely to be Britain’s fate. Brexit is still a polarizing issue in Westminster, where a majoritarian political system leads to dramatic swings in government policy as Downing Street changes hands — as recently in the Labour election landslide that ended 14 years of Tory rule.</p><p>There is every chance that the next Conservative government would, if elected, have its own, different thoughts about what the EU relationship should look like, and once again demand a return to the negotiating table. The next Labour government after that, the same.</p><p>The merry-go-round of renegotiations is likely to continue indefinitely, in true Swiss fashion.</p>Learning from Bern?<p>To get by, London will need to watch and learn from Bern. That’s the message some Brussels-watchers have been trying to communicate to the British government.</p></p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p> Advertisement <p> <p> </p> </p><p><p>“It’s often quite impressive how sizeable third country missions are within the European Union and the amount of resources they put in,” David Phinnemore, a professor at the Post-Brexit Governance Unit at Queen’s University Belfast, told a U.K. parliamentary committee hearing earlier this year.</p><p>Professor Simon Usherwood of the Open University, giving evidence at the same session, added: “There needs to be representation as much as possible at every stage so by the time you come to the post-legislative aspects you’ve hopefully avoided the need for more drastic action. Once we start to get to texts it becomes harder to amend existing texts rather than embed your ideas in them as they go.”</p><p>At the end of the day, the U.K. may end up with an arrangement neither side ever wanted for the same reasons as Switzerland: A cumbersome “bilateral way” that meanders along without ever actually getting anywhere.</p><p>“In EU relations with neighbors, it just kind of comes and goes in waves,” said David Henig, director of the U.K. trade policy project at think-tank ECIPE. “None of it ever comes easily.”</p> </p> <footer> <p> <p> <svg></svg> Related Tags <p> Agriculture agriculture and food Borders Brexit Certification and standards Energy Immigration Markets Negotiations Services Single Market State aid Trade Trade Agreements U.K. trade </p> </p> <p> <svg></svg> Related Countries <p> Iceland Norway Switzerland United Kingdom </p> </p> <p> <svg></svg> Related People <p> Boris Johnson Charles Grant Keir Starmer Michel Barnier </p> </p> <p> <svg></svg> Related Organizations <p> Court of Justice of the European Union European Economic Area Labour Party </p> </p> </p> </footer> </p> </p> <footer> <p> <p> Our readers read next </p> <p> <p> <p> <p> <img src="https://www.politico.eu/cdn-cgi/image/width=380,height=253,quality=80,onerror=redirect,format=auto/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/06/GettyImages-2162507846.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> <p> Orbán says ‘it’s necessary’ for Zelenskyy and Putin to meet to end Ukraine war <p> 18 HRS ago 2 mins read</p> </p> </p><p> <p> <img src="https://www.politico.eu/cdn-cgi/image/width=380,height=253,quality=80,onerror=redirect,format=auto/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/06/GettyImages-1527480516-scaled.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> <p> UK to again delay Brexit border checks on food <p> 21 HRS ago 3 mins read</p> </p> </p><p> <p> <img src="https://www.politico.eu/cdn-cgi/image/width=380,height=253,quality=80,onerror=redirect,format=auto/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/06/12466799-scaled.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> <p> Pavel Durov slams France’s ‘misguided’ charges against him <p> 23 HRS ago 2 mins read</p> </p> </p><p> <p> <img src="https://www.politico.eu/cdn-cgi/image/width=380,height=253,quality=80,onerror=redirect,format=auto/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/27/GettyImages-1248143779.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> <p> The enigmatic Irishman hoping to appeal to von der Leyen’s quiet side <p> Sep 6 6 mins read</p> </p> </p> </p> </p> </p> <p> <p> More from Antonia Zimmermann </p> <p> <p> <p> <p> <img src="https://www.politico.eu/cdn-cgi/image/width=380,height=253,quality=80,onerror=redirect,format=auto/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/30/GettyImages-2167940123-scaled.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> <p> Chinese EV-makers offer price, volume pledges in bid to avoid EU duties <p> <p>Manufacturers seek an off-ramp as clock counts down to final vote on duties by member countries in October. </p> </p> <p> Aug 30 3 mins read</p> </p> </p><p> <p> <img src="https://www.politico.eu/cdn-cgi/image/width=380,height=253,quality=80,onerror=redirect,format=auto/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/30/GettyImages-2168269078-scaled.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> <p> From Paris with love: Serbia’s east-west balancing act pays off <p> <p>French President Macron has shrugged off concerns over Serbia’s ties with Russia to seal lucrative deals on fighter jets and nuclear energy.</p> </p> <p> Aug 30 6 mins read</p> </p> </p><p> <p> <img src="https://www.politico.eu/cdn-cgi/image/width=380,height=285,quality=80,onerror=redirect,format=auto/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/28/photo1.jpeg" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> <p> I went to Iceland for a road trip. 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2706040	有图 <p> Analysis </p> U.S. Allies Brace for Trump’s Trade ThreatsCountries in Europe and Asia are preparing for tariffs, but their options are limited. <p> <p> By Keith Johnson, a reporter at <i>Foreign Policy </i>covering geoeconomics and energy. </p> </p> <img src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Trump-GettyImages-2163542286.jpg?w=800?quality=90" rel="noopener noreferrer"> U.S. Republican presidential nominee and former President Donald Trump arrives at his campaign rally at the Bojangles Coliseum in Charlotte, North Carolina. <p> U.S. Republican presidential nominee and former President Donald Trump arrives at his campaign rally at the Bojangles Coliseum in Charlotte, North Carolina, on July 24. Brandon Bell/Getty Images </p> <p> <p> <label> Economics </label> <label> United States </label> <label> China </label> <label> Europe </label> </p> <p> <time>August 2, 2024, 5:00 AM</time> <svg> <title>Comment icon</title> <g> </g></svg> View Comments () </p> <p> <p>The prospect of a second Trump presidency, though somewhat dimmed by the surge of presumptive Democratic presidential nominee Kamala Harris, has U.S. friends in Europe and Asia worried about a repeat of his wrecking-ball trade policies. European and Asian countries have both sticks and carrots to try to deal with any Trump trade wars, but none offers a surefire way to defuse what could be years of increased trade and economic tensions even among allies.</p> </p> <p> <p>The prospect of a second Trump presidency, though somewhat dimmed by the surge of presumptive Democratic presidential nominee Kamala Harris, has U.S. friends in Europe and Asia worried about a repeat of his wrecking-ball trade policies. European and Asian countries have both sticks and carrots to try to deal with any Trump trade wars, but none offers a surefire way to defuse what could be years of increased trade and economic tensions even among allies.</p><p>Republican nominee Donald Trump has vowed to levy an across-the-board tax of 10 percent on imports from all countries and a whopping 60 percent surcharge on goods from China, expanding the protectionist arsenal he unveiled during his term in office. Trump and many in his circle—including his running mate, Ohio Sen. J.D. Vance—are also in favor of a weaker dollar as a way to curb U.S. imports and boost U.S. exports, but that, too, could raise tensions with other countries that would see their own currencies under pressure.</p><p>So what are U.S. trading partners to do? First, they’ve seen this show before. Many of the tariffs that Trump imposed in office were quietly lifted for certain countries in exchange for trade concessions, such as greater access for U.S. goods or promises to ease currency imbalances. South Korea dodged many of Trump’s first tariffs by offering nominally greater access for U.S. automotive exports and a promise to export less steel, for example.</p><p>Tariffs-for-concessions was exactly the approach taken by Trump’s presidential role model, Richard Nixon, with his 1971 economic shock therapy, which also included 10 percent tariffs. Like Trump, Nixon also toyed with threats of less U.S. security assistance to strong-arm U.S. allies into making concessions on trade—and that trade-and-security nexus remains a concern for U.S. friends and partners in both Asia and Europe.</p><p>So U.S. trade partners may be justified in viewing the new and expanded tariff threat as mere leverage to extract fresh concessions, such as the purchase of more U.S. goods, that would appease Trump and his supporters. That was ultimately the course that China sought to end the worst of the trade hostilities with the Trump administration, though the much-touted China deal delivered far less than promised. In a triumph of hope over experience, Europe could attempt a similar approach.</p><p>“The first setting is the belief that Trump is a deal-maker, so you need to have a deal ready for him, which might be volumes of agricultural sales or some other U.S. product,” said David Henig, a trade expert at the European Centre for International Political Economy. “There is a reasonable likelihood that his actual play is to use the threat of tariffs to get deals that he can claim to be the greatest ever.”</p><p>That’s already guiding the thinking in Brussels, where the European Union is hoping an offer to buy more U.S. goods will satisfy Trump, for whom the distorted U.S. trade deficit remains a major, if inexplicable, concern. If that fails, the European Union is ready to reprise the stiff and targeted tariffs that it levied before against certain U.S. exports, including many made in Republican states.</p><p>One problem with offering the carrot of buying more stuff is that politics is domestic in the European Union as well. Greater purchases of agricultural products would likely help appease a future Trump administration, but Europe was recently roiled by farmer protests driven in part by anger over greater access for outside farm goods that competed directly with higher-cost European produce; another foreign competitor, especially one with different regulatory and phytosanitary standards, would only aggravate those tensions.</p><p>Buying more U.S.-manufactured products might be another option, but those are the very kinds of goods—including cars and machinery—that are suffering the most in Germany’s continued industrial slowdown. Europe has been buying large amounts of U.S. energy, especially liquefied natural gas, to help offset the loss of Russia as its main energy supplier. But to buy even more American gas would require bidding for any extra cargoes against equally energy-hungry economies in Asia, and higher energy costs are exactly what Europe’s manufacturers are desperately trying to avoid right now.</p><p>But there is also the possibility that Trump’s new and expanded tariff plan is not about leverage at all. It certainly doesn’t seem to be the case with China, unlike during his term in office, when relatively high tariffs on Chinese exports to the United States were meant to force Beijing to curb its predatory trade practices. (They didn’t.)</p><p>Trump now plans to raise import taxes as much as 60 percent on goods from China, which would come on top of existing U.S. tariffs. That is part of an explicit blueprint, outlined by Trump’s former trade czar, to make the huge U.S.-China trade relationship wither away.</p><p>“When it comes to China, I think the tariffs are less about negotiating leverage than they are about total decoupling,” said Wendy Cutler, vice president of the Asia Society Policy Institute.</p><p>But even the across-the-board import taxes Trump is touting for the rest of the world may not be about leverage at all, but are instead meant to stick around, reduce trade, and raise revenues.</p><p>Trump has seriously proposed raising tariffs even higher and using customs duties to entirely replace the U.S. income tax. Vance argues for a mercantilist government policy that will shield U.S. industries from foreign competition, even to the point of raising taxes on Americans to manufacture more cheap toasters domestically. That mirrors the kind of tariff-protected, import-substitution industrialization that many developing countries tried in the early and mid-20th century.</p><p>If U.S. tariffs are a feature, not a bug, then Europe may have to return to its targeted trade counter-measures.</p><p>“If the offer of a deal doesn’t work, I think we are realistically in the space of tit-for-tat tariffs on the usual products like Harley-Davidson motorcycles, bourbon, and so on. The truth is, though, that there won’t be an easy way to stop Trump from doing as he will when it comes to trade,” Henig said.</p><p>Europe does now have a new widget in its economic toolkit: an anti-coercion instrument that could allow EU member states to coordinate a broader gamut of retaliatory measures against outside states that try to strong-arm the bloc economically. But that remains untried, and it was envisioned more as a weapon to be used against smaller outside states, not the world’s largest economy.</p><p>If Europe is nervous, many U.S. trading partners in Asia are downright worried, and with fewer arrows in their quivers. Countries such as Japan and South Korea still have large trade surpluses with the United States, while smaller economies such as Vietnam have seen their trade surplus (i.e., a trade deficit for the United States) soar as production and exports have moved from China to third countries. Trump and his trade team repeatedly called out trade imbalances with Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, and other smaller Asian economies that don’t have the collective heft of the European Union to fight back in a trade war. Those imbalances have only grown worse in the years since.</p><p>“Of U.S. allies and partners, you have to look at, ‘Where do we have the biggest trade deficits?’” to see who is most in the crosshairs, Cutler said. That’s concerning for Vietnam in particular, whose trade mismatch with the United States has grown from about $32 billion just before Trump took office to over $100 billion a year now.</p><p>But while Europe, a massive economic bloc sharing the same currency and monetary policy, can fairly easily coordinate meaningful trade reprisals on U.S. goods if needed, smaller Asian economies have less ability or willingness to fight any new Trump tariffs. Instead, Cutler said, most will try to convince the next administration that crude trade balances are not the best metric for measuring bilateral relations, or they will promise to buy more U.S. goods or invest more in the United States.</p><p>“Southeast Asian countries are going to be very hesitant to respond in kind and take restrictive measures” against U.S. tariffs, she said.</p><p>But countries in Asia face many of the same problems with expanding U.S. imports as those in Europe do. Agricultural imports are politically sensitive. Higher-value manufactured goods compete with domestic production. Trump’s big China trade deal couldn’t even deliver increased sales of U.S. commodities to a state-run centralized economy, making more sales of different products to a slew of different countries even harder to pull off.</p><p>Countries in Europe and Asia also have to worry about other Trump policies, especially his transactional view of U.S. security commitments. Trump has questioned the U.S. commitment to NATO and has downplayed U.S. support for Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea due to frictions over trade.</p><p>But few countries are in quite as precarious a place as Mexico, with its growing trade surplus with the United States and cross-border migration making it a target in Washington for both trade and immigration hawks. The Economist Intelligence Unit figures Mexico is the country most at risk from a second Trump term.</p> </p> </p> <p> <label> Economics </label> <label> United States </label> <label> China </label> <label> Europe </label> </p> <p> <p> <p>Keith Johnson is a reporter at<i>Foreign Policy</i>covering geoeconomics and energy. X:@KFJ_FP</p> </p> </p> <p> Read More On Asia \| China \| Donald Trump \| Economics \| Europe \| Trade Policy & Agreements \| United States</p> <p> <p> <p> Join the Conversation <p>Commenting on this and other recent articles is just one benefit of a Foreign Policy subscription.</p> <p> Already a subscriber? Log In. </p> <p> Subscribe Subscribe </p> </p> <p> <p>View Comments </p> </p> </p> <p> <p> Join the Conversation <p>Join the conversation on this and other recent Foreign Policy articles when you subscribe now.</p> <p> Subscribe Subscribe </p> <p> Not your account? Log out </p> </p> <p> <p>View Comments </p> </p> </p> <p> <p> Join the Conversation <p>Please follow our comment guidelines, stay on topic, and be civil, courteous, and respectful of others’ beliefs.</p> </p> </p> <p> <p> You are commenting as . Change your username \| Log out </p> <p> <form> <p> <p> <p> Change your username: </p> <p> <label>Username</label> </p> </p> <p> <p> <p> <label> I agree to abide by FP’s comment guidelines. (Required) </label> </p> </p> <p> Confirm CANCEL <img src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/themes/foreign-policy-2017/assets/src/images/icons/loading-animation.gif" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> </p> </p> </form> </p> </p> <p> <form> Confirm your username to get started. <p>The default username below has been generated using the first name and last initial on your FP subscriber account. Usernames may be updated at any time and must not contain inappropriate or offensive language.</p> <p> <p> <label>Username</label> </p> <p> <label> I agree to abide by FP’s comment guidelines. (Required) </label> </p> Confirm <img src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/themes/foreign-policy-2017/assets/src/images/icons/loading-animation.gif" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> </form> </p> </p> <p> <p> <p>Read More</p> <p> <p> <img src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/trump-trade-GettyImages-1579547069.jpg?w=800?quality=80" rel="noopener noreferrer"> Former U.S. President Donald Trump speaks at the 56th annual Silver Elephant dinner hosted by the South Carolina Republican Party in Columbia, South Carolina. <p> Get Ready for Trump Trade Wars 2.0<p> <p>Past is prologue, to the chagrin of experts, economists, and allies.</p><p> Analysis <p>\|</p> Keith Johnson</p> </p> </p> <p> <p> <img src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/trump-economy-GettyImages-2159730000.jpg?w=800?quality=80" rel="noopener noreferrer"> Republican presidential candidate and former U.S. President Donald Trump arrives at a rally in Chesapeake, Virginia. <p> Trump’s Plan to Weaken the Dollar Makes No Sense<p> <p>The policy would directly counter the one thing he claims to be fighting against.</p><p> Analysis <p>\|</p> Keith Johnson</p> </p> </p> </p> Trump Trade Threats Leave U.S. Allies With Few Good Options	查看 16186	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-08-02 22:44:41 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706039	有图 Latest news, Perspectives Perspectives: Want trade deals? Create good atmospherics first <p> <time> 28/08/2024 </time> by David Henig Views: 324 </p> <p> <p><i>Trade negotiations in recent years have faltered due to an atmosphere of suspicion. Politicians need to start sending more positive signals to allow diplomats and negotiators to start finding ways to seal agreements.</i></p><p>When the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement was being negotiated it was seen an exception. Instead of opening up trade, its goal was to ease the transition from the United Kingdom being part of the EU’s single market to a relationship primarily based on World Trade Organizationrules.</p><p>Whole policy areas typically included in free trade agreements such as public procurement are largely absent of this agreement. The European Unioninsisted on extensive level-playing field provisions in the expectation of the UK cheating.</p><p>In retrospect, though, the TCA should perhaps have been seen as warning. Modern trade negotiations increasingly take place with a similar underlying atmosphere of suspicion.</p><p>EU-Mercosur free trade agreement negotiations have for some time been moving in the direction of mutual distrust about what the other parties might do. Sometimes it is hard to recall that this agreement is supposed to increase trade.</p><p>There are many more examples, whether from the EU andAustralia, or almost anything the United States has done in trade policy since 2016.</p><p>For businesses seeking a renewed free trade agreement agenda there is a fundamental problem. If you don’t change the mood, what is discussed will be more about market access conditions than openness.</p><p>Any agreement reached in this way is unlikely to deliver much growth.</p><p>What we may see in the UK-EU relationship in the coming years is a return to something more positive. There is every reason to believe deepening ties will lead to better agreements.</p><p>Those seeking openness should heed this lesson. Mutual goodwill must be the basis of the free trade agreement agenda.</p>Improving the mood between UK and EU<p>In the early weeks of the new UK government there has been a noticeable change in attitudes towards the EU. Most notable were early calls from new ministers to their EU counterparts – which would have been unthinkable under previous governments since 2016.</p><p>New foreign secretary David Lammy visited Poland, Sweden and Germanythe weekendafter the election. Business and Trade Secretary Jonathan Reynolds spoke with Valdis Dombrovskis on the phone and met at the G7 trade ministers meeting in July.</p><p>The UK successfully hosted the second meeting of the European Political Community. Althoughthere were no concrete deliverables, the EU leaders present spoke positively about London’s approach.</p><p>Labour’s plans for enhancing trade relations with the EU remain formally rather modest. Agreements on sanitary and phytosanitary issues, visas for touring artists and recognition of qualifications are the frequently mentioned items.</p><p>There are internal discussions on going further than that.</p><p>Though evidently an awkward topic for the UK, there is a growing awareness of the need to respond to EU asks on youth mobility.</p><p>Joint work on economic security, regulatory alignment and aligning Emissions Trading Schemes are also under consideration.</p><p>Concrete agreements, even negotiations, may be some time away. Thinking has however started on both sides about what these may contain.</p>Allowing officials to think creatively<p>At a time when trade agreements were driven by more open attitudes, negotiators were empowered to find ways around problems.</p><p>Through ministerial example, UK civil servants have also been given permission to engage with EU counterparts.</p><p>Before the UK election, many officials in relevant areas could not wait to be allowed to test ideas on progressing particular issues with the EU. Now we can expect them to act on this.</p><p>Formally, the EU line is to wait for proposals from London. In reality, many in Brussels will be equally keen to engage.</p><p>Commission officials are already developing their thinking as to how discussions could be structured.</p><p>This isn’t just about those working in EU institutions. Businesses and other stakeholders will take their signals from governments.</p><p>There is ample opportunity for joint UK and EU industry positions. On past evidence this can be an effective tool to help forge agreements.</p><p>Indeed, the extension of generous rules of origins for electric vehicles in the TCA at the end of last year, was considerably helped by joint pressure by the car industry.</p><p>Goodwill is often infectious. Although the pain of recent UK-EU negotiations won’t be easily forgotten, a new picture can be built over this experience.</p><p>The EU-Switzerland talks are perhaps ahead of the UK in this regard. Two previously troublesome relationships are therefore in recovery.</p><p>Whether this can be transferred to other EU relationships remains however to be seen.</p>European Union needs to recover its confidence<p>If politicians create the impetus for their officials, there will only be a limited amount that EU negotiators can achieve right now.</p><p>Pressure comes from several directions. Overt protectionism across the political spectrum means prospects for France ratifying any future trade agreements seem remote.</p><p>Meanwhile many MEPs from various member states put pressure on trade from various angles, including with environmental, labour and nationalist arguments.</p><p>Summarising the problem, Ursula von der Leyen’s ‘Political Guidelines’released in July ahead of her confirmation vote as European Commission president for a second term sees trade as both an opportunity and a problem. Talk of “long-term, mutually beneficial partnerships” is undermined by suspicion.</p><p>Translated into day-to-day operations, such messages are easily received by those at the front line as them not being fully trusted. However much it is claimed that the targets are really the third countries concerned.</p><p>Some time ago, when I discussed Indian resistance to trade agreements with informed observers, lack of public trust in negotiators emerged as an unexpected reason for it. In this specific Indian case, there would be suspicions of corruption if too much was given away.</p><p>In the EU or US, it is more likely that creative officials could be seen as part of the ‘deep state’. This makes productive negotiations extremely difficult.</p><p>To have a renewed trade agreement agenda, negotiators have to feel empowered. To use a particular term disliked by some, a safe space must be created.</p><p>Right now, in most EU negotiations, that is not sufficiently present. Negotiations are thus bound to flounder.</p><p>Atmospherics can change this, as we are starting to see with the UK. Though this has to be sustained if there are to be agreement in the end.</p><p>Tricky though it will be, the most siren political voices need to be quietened for significant progress on trade policy and positive associations built with the idea of openness for workers and consumers.</p><p>That’s outside the political mood of the moment and that’s why we’re struggling.</p><p>Businesses need to seek to change to the mood music before demanding more agreements.</p><p><img src="https://borderlex.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/2021-01-14-DAVID-HENIG-150x150.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">David Henig runs the column ‘Perspectives’ on the politics of global trade for Borderlex. He is also a UK director at the think tank ECIPE.</p><p> Related</p> </p> <footer> <p> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/cec48e92af5fa22fb7036067c0475bb8?s=70&d=mm&r=g" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <p> Author: David Henig </p> </p> </footer> Perspectives: Want trade deals? Create good atmospherics first - Borderlex	查看 8179	国际政治经济学欧洲中心	2024-08-29 00:35:23 2024-09-07 17:06:10	word
2706038	有图 <nav> Home/News/Diplomacy/Federal Government Launches Rice Sale at ₦40,000</nav><p>AgricultureDiplomacyFederal Government Launches Rice Sale at ₦40,000<p>September 6, 2024<p>0 28 Less than a minute </p> </p><p><img src="https://i0.wp.com/nta.ng/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/20240906_183237.jpg?resize=780%2C470&ssl=1" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>The Federal Government has introduced a policy to ensure transparency and prevent racketeering in the distribution of subsidized rice. Only those with duly registered National Identification Numbers (NIN) will be allowed to purchase the rice, which is part of a broader effort to address the prevailing food crises in the country. The rice will be sold at a flat rate of ₦40,000 per 50kg bag, and it is a crucial intervention aimed at mitigating the effects of high food prices.</p><p>The Federal Government has introduced a policy to ensure transparency and prevent racketeering in the distribution of subsidized rice. Only those with duly registered National Identification Numbers (NIN) will be allowed to purchase the rice, which is part of a broader effort to… pic.twitter.com/d2aaM6fulh</p>— Sen. Abubakar Kyari, CON (@SenatorAKyari) September 6, 2024</p><p>Share this:<p>FacebookX</p></p><p><p>September 6, 2024<p>0 28 Less than a minute </p> </p> Federal Government Launches Rice Sale at ₦40,000 - Nigerian Television Authority - Africa's Largest TV Network	查看 1311	尼日利亚电视局	2024-09-07 01:34:38 2024-09-07 17:03:04	word
2706037	有图 <nav> Home/News/Press Release/NELFUND Receives another N2 Million Refund from a Former Beneficiary of Defunct Federal Government Student Loan Scheme</nav><p>EducationPress ReleaseNELFUND Receives another N2 Million Refund from a Former Beneficiary of Defunct Federal Government Student Loan Scheme<p>September 6, 2024<p>0 4 2 minutes read </p> </p><p><img src="https://i0.wp.com/nta.ng/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/cbn.jpg?resize=780%2C470&ssl=1" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>The Nigerian Education Loan Fund (NELFUND) is pleased to announce the receipt of the sum of N2,000,000 (Two Million Naira) through a bank draft, given by Asiwaju Adegboyega Solomon Awomolo, SAN, a distinguished Senior Advocate of Nigeria and former beneficiary, in the 1970s, of the defunct Federal Government Student Loan Scheme.</p><p>Mr. Awomolo, who benefitted from the loan during his undergraduate studies at the University of Ife (now Obafemi Awolowo University) in the 1975/1976 and 1976/1977 academic sessions, has demonstrated his unwavering commitment to the nation by repaying the loan in full.</p><p>The loan, which at the time amounted to a total of N1,000.00 (One Thousand Naira) for both sessions, was instrumental in helping him complete his law degree.</p><p>Despite several previous attempts, over the years, to refund the loan, Mr. Awomolo was unable to fulfill the repayment until now.</p><p>In his letter dated 04/09/24 and addressed to the Managing Director/CEO of NELFUND, Mr. Akintunde Sawyerr, Mr. Awomolo expressed his gratitude to the Nigerian government for the opportunity that the student loan provided him, enabling him to pursue and complete his undergraduate studies without financial hardship.</p><p>He acknowledged the transparency and accountability that NELFUND has demonstrated in its current management of student loans, commending the organization’s efforts to ensure that deserving indigent students across the country can access educational funding.</p><p>Mr. Awomolo’s repayment comes as a testament to the lasting impact of the President Bola Ahmed Tinubu (GCFR) initiative and the ongoing relevance of NELFUND in supporting Nigerian students.</p><p>His N2 million repayment serves as full and final settlement of his loan indebtedness, reflecting his dedication to upholding his responsibility to the nation.</p><p>NELFUND remains committed to empowering future generations of Nigerian students and ensuring that access to education is available to all, regardless of financial background.</p><p>This nationalistic act, follows a similar gesture announced on 27th August 2024 when another senior Nigerian, repaid his loan in full with the sum of N3,189,000.</p><p>Mr. Awomolo’s patriotic and honourable gesture is yet another shining example of the enduring value of education and the importance of fulfilling one’s obligation and demonstrates the strength of morality, which still exists amongst Nigerians</p><p>The funds will be used to fund the education of students who need the loan now.</p><p>Signed:</p><p>Monalisa Dike</p><p>For: Director, Corporate Communications</p><p>Nigerian Education Loan Fund (NELFUND)</p><p>Share this:<p>FacebookX</p></p><p><p>September 6, 2024<p>0 4 2 minutes read </p> </p> NELFUND Receives another N2 Million Refund from a Former Beneficiary of Defunct Federal Government Student Loan Scheme - Nigerian Television Authority - Africa's Largest TV Network	查看 3241	尼日利亚电视局	2024-09-07 01:48:18 2024-09-07 17:03:04	word
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2706031	无图 <p> <h6> Bangladesh </h6> <p> <p> <p> <p><source data-srcset="https://www.thedailystar.net/sites/default/files/styles/small_201/public/default_fallback.jpg><img data-srcset="https://www.thedailystar.net/sites/default/files/styles/small_201/public/default_fallback.jpg"></p> </p> </p> <p> <p>Star Digital Report</p> <p> Thu Sep 5, 2024 03:17 PM </p><p> Last update on: Thu Sep 5, 2024 04:43 PM </p> </p> </p> <p> </p> Nationwide 'Shaheedi March' in Honour of Martyrs \| One month of Hasina's fall: 'Shaheedi March' begins from Raju Sculpture \| Shaheedi March in Dhaka Bangladesh \| The Daily Star	查看 507	孟加拉国日报	2024-09-05 17:17:00 2024-09-07 16:52:26	word
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2706027	无图 <p> <h6> My Dhaka </h6> <p> <p> <p> <p><source data-srcset="https://www.thedailystar.net/sites/default/files/styles/small_201/public/default_fallback.jpg><img data-srcset="https://www.thedailystar.net/sites/default/files/styles/small_201/public/default_fallback.jpg"></p> </p> </p> <p> <p>M H Haider</p> <p> Thu Sep 5, 2024 04:00 PM </p><p> Last update on: Thu Sep 5, 2024 04:06 PM </p> </p> </p> <p> </p> The former name of DU's Dr Muhammad Shahidullah Hall \| The Daily Star	查看 496	孟加拉国日报	2024-09-05 18:00:59 2024-09-07 16:52:26	word
2706026	无图 <p> <h6> TV & Film </h6> <p> <p> <p> <p><source data-srcset="https://www.thedailystar.net/sites/default/files/styles/small_201/public/default_fallback.jpg><img data-srcset="https://www.thedailystar.net/sites/default/files/styles/small_201/public/default_fallback.jpg"></p> </p> </p> <p> <p>Arts & Entertainment Desk</p> <p> Thu Sep 5, 2024 04:12 PM </p><p> Last update on: Thu Sep 5, 2024 04:20 PM </p> </p> </p> <p> </p> Farhan Akhtar in 120 Bahadur \| Farhan Akhtar marks acting return with war drama '120 Bahadur' \|	查看 520	孟加拉国日报	2024-09-05 18:12:09 2024-09-07 16:52:26	word
2706025	无图 <p> <h6> Business </h6> <p> <p> <p> <p><source data-srcset="https://www.thedailystar.net/sites/default/files/styles/small_201/public/default_fallback.jpg><img data-srcset="https://www.thedailystar.net/sites/default/files/styles/small_201/public/default_fallback.jpg"></p> </p> </p> <p> <p> Star Business Report</p> <p> Thu Sep 5, 2024 04:13 PM </p><p> Last update on: Thu Sep 5, 2024 08:45 PM </p> </p> </p> <p> </p> Islami Bank Loans To S Alam Group \| S Alam Group took over half of Islami Bank’s total loans, says new IBBL chairman \| The Daily Star	查看 507	孟加拉国日报	2024-09-05 18:13:17 2024-09-07 16:52:26	word

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